Quantum gravity physics based on facts, giving checkable predictions

Time past T in Hubble's law v = HR = H(cT) is related to time t since the big bang by t + T = 1/H. => v= HcT = Hc[(1/H)-t] = c - (Hct) => a = dv/dt = d[c-(Hct)]/dt = -Hc, the outward acceleration. Force, F = ma. Newton's 3rd law gives a reaction force, inward directed gravitons. Since non-receding nearby masses don't cause this reaction force, they shield graviton exchange with more distant masses in that direction; an asymmetry which produces gravity.

Thursday, October 20, 2005

Hiding in the Mirror, Lawrence Krauss

At http://www.math.columbia.edu/~woit/blog/, Dr Peter Woit comments: 'I’ve just finished reading Lawrence Krauss’s new book Hiding in the Mirror: The Mysterious Allure of Extra Dimensions, from Plato to String Theory and Beyond, and it’s very, very good.'

Plato fooled me! See http://eskesthai.blogspot.com/2005/08/fifth-dimension-is-spacetime-fabric.html . It appears Plato and Dr Gerard t'Hooft are as alike as Dr Jekyl and Mr Hyde.

I wanted a way for a spacetime fabric to give light speed gravity force and seized on Plato's idea: "The Fifth Dimension, is the Spacetime Fabric. Perhaps Quantum Gravity can be Handled by thoroughly reconsidering Quantum Mechanics itself? by Gerard t' Hooft. I was attracted to Nigel Cook's statement on Peter Woits blog..."

Notice the vanity, because I'm mentioned personally, I automatically lower my guard a bit. Is the 5th dimension really the spacetime fabric? I use it at http://nigelcook0.tripod.com/ as just a vague explanation of the speed of gravity pressure. It doesn't appear in the calculations at all.

So we don't need the 5th dimension? http://www.math.columbia.edu/~woit/wordpress/?p=280#comment-5478 :

As for QM and QFT, we know the fabric of space is filled with virtual particles. Normally particles like gas molecules can't carry transverse waves, only a solid normally allows transverse waves. But suppose the virtual particles have a spin, like real ones? Then you get transverse waves. Dr John Baez has some ideas on this for quantum gravity here http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/loops05/ which seem to account for the light speed of gravity while preserving a pressure mechanism.

My understanding is that this is reinventing the wheel, since Maxwell's 1873 Treatise section 822-3:

"The ... action of magnetism on polarised light [discovered by Faraday not Maxwell] leads ... to the conclusion that in a medium ... is something belonging to the mathematical class as an angular velocity ... This ... cannot be that of any portion of the medium of sensible dimensions rotating as a whole. We must therefore conceive the rotation to be that of very small portions of the medium, each rotating on its own axis... The displacements of the medium, during the propagation of light, will produce a disturbance of the vortices ... We shall therefore assume that the variation of vortices caused by the displacement of the medium is subject to the same conditions which Helmholtz, in his great memoir on Vortex-motion, has shewn to regulate the variation of the vortices of a perfect fluid."

So I may have been hiding in the mirror for a bit myself, because of Plato!

2 Comments:

At 2:18 AM, nige said...: Copy of a comment posted on Dr Lubos Motl's blog:

Dear Lumos,

Just in case you are "hard of understanding" let me simplify a bit. The curvature of spacetime by another dimension would keep Pi at the normal value 3.14159265...

However, Feynman points out that an easier way to grasp GR is that spacetime fabric pressure compresses masses (in addition to simply pushing masses together, gravity). The compression, which is ignored by Newton's math, is (1/3)MG/c^2 = 1.5 mm for earth's mass. The pressure from a perfect fluid spacetime fabric is only in the radial direction toward the centre of mass, and it permeates the interatomic spaces without sideways diffusion, so it is only a contraction in the radial direction, as Feynman points out in his Lectures, c42 p6, where he gives his equation 42.3 correctly for excess radius being equal to predicted radius minus measured radius, but then on the same page in the text says ‘… actual radius exceeded the predicted radius …’ Talking about ‘curvature’ when dealing with radii is not helpful and probably caused the confusion. The use of Minkowski light ray diagrams and string ‘theory’ to obfuscate the cause of gravity with talk over ‘curved space’ stems to the false model of space by the surface of a waterbed, in which heavy objects roll towards one another. This model when extended to volume type, real, space shows that space has a pressurised fabric which is shielded by mass, causing gravity.

We are used to the fact that if we squeeze something, the circumference remains the same, so it wrinkles up or distorts. However, this contraction of radius does not affect the circumference at all. This is physically the fourth dimension taking some curvature to keep Pi intact. Otherwise, Pi will increase. On the Earth's surface the increase in Pi due to the earth's mass is by the factor (earth's radius + 1.5 mm)/(earth's radius) = 1 + (2x10^-10). Hence, Pi is increased by 0.00000002 % (2x10^-8%).

Why does the variation of Pi get ignored by pure mathematicians?

Best wishes,
Nigel
At 3:50 AM, nige said...: Kevin,

Circumference / diameter = Pi.

This is the sophisticated formula. Circumference is transverse to radius and so is not affected by radial contraction in GR. The diameter is reduced by twice the GR radii contraction. Therefore, Pi rises.

The maximum possible value of Pi seems to appear at the event horizon to a black hole. Black hole radius = 2GM/c^2. Excess radius = (1/3)GM/c^2. Hence it appears that Pi for a black hole = (7/6)3.14159265... = 3.665...

My understanding is that Feynman's argument for the reality of time as a 4th dimension, hence curvature, is based on the fact that Pi can't really vary, and the apparent variation that this radius contraction shows is accounted for by curvature.

If you draw a circle on the side of a sphere like a globe, Pi can appear to get SMALLER because the curved diameter is a longer line than the diameter of the same circle as drawn on flat paper.

However, in GR this analogy is not right because Pi gets BIGGER, rather than smaller.

Here's another interesting detail. When light travels at right angles to a gravitational field, it is falls by twice the amount of slow matter, because light cannot speed up so all the gravitational potential gained must go into additional deflection, not speeding up.

This means that light orbiting a black hole at the event horizon will be subject to twice the deflection that Newtonian gravity predicts. Hence the gravitationally-confined EM model of matter is altered slightly.

Best wishes,
Nigel

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Mathematical symbols in this blog: your computer’s browser needs access to standard character symbol sets to display Greek symbols for mathematical physics. If you don’t have the symbol character sets installed, the density symbol "r" (Rho) will appear as "r" and the "p" (Pi) symbol will as "p", causing confusion with the use of "r" for radius and "p" for momentum in formulae. This problem exists with Mozilla Firefox 3, but not with Microsoft Explorer which displays Greek symbols.

‘Dr Edward Teller remarked recently that the origin of the earth was somewhat like the explosion of the atomic bomb...’ – Dr Harold C. Urey, The Planets: Their Origin and Development, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1952, p. ix.

‘But compared with a supernova a hydrogen bomb is the merest trifle. For a supernova is equal in violence to about a million million million million hydrogen bombs all going off at the same time.’ – Sir Fred Hoyle (1915-2001), The Nature of the Universe, Pelican Books, London, 1963, p. 75.

‘In fact, physicists find plenty of interesting and novel physics in the environment of a nuclear explosion. Some of the physical phenomena are valuable objects of research, and promise to provide further understanding of nature.’ – Dr Harold L. Brode, The RAND Corporation, ‘Review of Nuclear Weapons Effects,’ Annual Review of Nuclear Science, Volume 18, 1968, pp. 153-202.

‘It seems that similarities do exist between the processes of formation of single particles from nuclear explosions and formation of the solar system from the debris of a [7*10²⁶ megatons of TNT equivalent, type Ia] supernova explosion. We may be able to learn much more about the origin of the earth, by further investigating the process of radioactive fallout from the nuclear weapons tests.’ – Dr P. K. Kuroda, University of Arkansas, ‘Radioactive Fallout in Astronomical Settings: Plutonium-244 in the Early Environment of the Solar System,’ Radionuclides in the Environment (Dr E. C. Freiling, Symposium Chairman), Advances in Chemistry Series No. 93, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1970, pp. 83-96.

How would a 10⁵⁵ megaton hydrogen bomb explosion differ from the big bang? Ignorant answers biased in favour of curved spacetime (ignoring quantum gravity!) abound, such as claims that explosions can’t take place in ‘outer space’ (disagreeing with the facts from nuclear space bursts by Russia and America in 1962, not to mention natural supernova explosions in space!) and that explosions produce sound waves in air by definition! There are indeed major differences in the nuclear reactions between the big bang and a nuclear bomb. But it is helpful to notice the solid physical fact that implosion systems suggest the mechanism of gravitation: in implosion, TNT is well-known to produce an inward force on a bomb core, but Newton's 3rd law says there is an equal and opposite reaction force outward. In fact, you can’t have a radially outward force without an inward reaction force! It’s the rocket principle. The rocket accelerates (with force F = ma) forward by virtue of the recoil from accelerating the exhaust gas (with force F = -ma) in the opposite direction! Nothing massive accelerates without an equal and opposite reaction force. Applying this fact to the cosmological acceleration of matter in the universe which was predicted accurately in 1996 and later observationally discovered in 1999 (by Perlmutter, et al.), we find an outward force F = ma and inward reaction force by the 3rd law. The inward force allows quantitative predictions, and is mediated by gravitons, predicting gravitation in a checkable way (unlike string theory, which is just a landscape of 10⁵⁰⁰ different perturbative theories and so can’t make any falsifiable predictions about gravity). So it seems as if nuclear explosions do indeed provide helpful analogies to natural features of the world, and the mainstream lambda-CDM model of cosmology - with its force-fitted unobserved ad hoc speculative ‘dark energy’ - ignores and sweeps under the rug major quantum gravity effects which increase the physical understanding of particle physics, particularly force unification and the relation of gravitation to the existing electroweak [SU(2) x U(1)] section of the Standard Model of fundamental forces.

Richard Lieu, Physics Department, University of Alabama, ‘Lambda-CDM cosmology: how much suppression of credible evidence, and does the model really lead its competitors, using all evidence?’, http://arxiv.org/abs/0705.2462.

A type Ia supernova explosion, always yielding 7*10²⁶ megatons of TNT equivalent, results from the critical mass effect of the collapse of a white dwarf as soon as its mass exceeds 1.4 solar masses due to matter falling in from a companion star. The degenerate electron gas in the white dwarf is then no longer able to support the pressure from the weight of gas, which collapses, releasing enough energy as heat and pressure to cause the fusion of carbon and oxygen into heavy elements, creating massive amounts of radioactive nickel-56. Type IA supernovae occur roughly once every 400 years in the Milky Way galaxy. When the solar system formed 4,540 million years ago, a supernova occurred 100 light years away from the solar system, and the heavy radioactive debris expanded at 1,000 miles/second. On 4 July 1054, Chinese astronomers observed in the sky (without optical instruments) the bright supernova in the constellation Taurus which today is still visible as the Crab Nebula through telescopes. The Crab Nebula debris has a diameter now of 7 light years and is still expanding at 800 miles/second. The supernova shock wave triggers star formation; bright stars are observed in the Orion Halo, the 300 light year diameter remains of a supernova. Essentially all of the heavy elements including iron, silicon and calcium in the Earth are products from a supernova explosion.

: Name: nige

Currently designing secure active server page (ASP) front ends for client SQL databases. In 1982 I began programming in basic, and at college learned Fortran while a physics undergraduate a decade later. Afterwards, I switched from mainstream physics and mathematical education to part-time programming student, while working in a series of jobs including four years in credit control. www.quantumfieldtheory.org http://glasstone.blogspot.co.uk/2015/07/capabilities-of-nuclear-weapons.html/ http://www.math.columbia.edu/~woit/wordpress/?p=273#comment-5322. http://www.math.columbia.edu/~woit/wordpress/?p=353&cpage=1#comment-8728. http://www.math.columbia.edu/~woit/wordpress/?p=215#comment-4082.

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Quantum gravity physics based on facts, giving checkable predictions

Thursday, October 20, 2005

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